Oral Comprehension check
: (page no 19)
1. Where did
the ceremonies take
place ? Can
you name any public buildings
in India that
are made of
sandstone ?
Ans - The
ceremonies took place
in the lovely
sandstone amphitheatre formed
by the Union
Buildings in Pretoria
.
Yes , there
are many public
buildings in India
that are made
of sandstone :
(a) The
Red Fort
(b) The
Rong Ghar
(c) The
Dewani Aam
(d) The
Dewani Khas
2. Can
you say how 10
May is
an ‘autumn day ‘
in South Africa ?
Ans-
South Africa
situated in the
Southern hemisphere .
So May in
South Africa is
autumn month , and
10th May is
an ‘ autumn day ’.
3. At
the beginning of
his speech ,
Mandela mentions “ an
extraordinary human disaster
” . What does
he mean by
this ? What
is the “glorious
… human achievement ”
he speaks of
at the end ?
Ans- By ‘
an extraordinary human
disaster ’ Mandela tells
about the white
man’s rule in
South Africa and
the apartheid system introduced
to discriminate and
dominate the coloured
people of the
same country .
The glorious achievement
was the winning
of freedom for
all the people
of South Africa
irrespective of skin- colour .
4. What
does Mandela thank
the international leaders
for ?
Ans-
Mandela thanked the
international leaders for
their participation in the ceremony
. He thanked them
for having come
to take possession
with the people
of South Africa
the victory for
justice for peace
and for human
dignity .
5. What
ideals does he
set out for
the future of
South Africa ?
Ans-
Mandela sets out
the ideal of permanent
liberty
for all for
the future of
South Africa . He assures
that South Africa
will never again
experience the oppression
of one by
another .
Oral
comprehension check : (21
)
1. What
do the military
generals do ?
How has their
attitude changed , and why ?
Ans-
The military generals
saluted Mandela . Not
long before they
would have arrested
him .
They changed their
attitude and showed
their loyality to new regime
. They did so
because of the
changed political system
ushered in by
Freedom of south
Africa .
2. Why
were two national
anthems sung ?
Ans-
There were the
whites and blacks
among the population
of South Africa .
The whites sang
their national anthem
and so did
the blacks sang theirs .
3. How
does Mandela describe
the systems of
government in his
country (i) in
the first decade
, and (ii) in the
final decade ,
of the twentieth
century ?
Ans- (i) In the
first decade of
the twentieth century
the white –skinned people
of South Africa
patched up their
differences and erected
a system of racial domination
against the dark -
skinned people of
their own country
.
(ii)
In the finale
decade of the
twentieth century the
earlier system has been
overturned for ever
. It is
replaced by a
system that recognised
the rights and
freedom of all
peoples regardless of the colour
of their skins
.
4. What
does courage mean to
Mandela ?
Ans- To Mandela
courage means not
the absence of
fear , but
the triumph over
it .
5. Which does
he think is
natural , to
love or to hate ?
Ans-
He thinks love
as a natural
to man .
Oral
comprehension check :
(page no -24 )
1. What
“ twin obligations ”
does Mandela mention
?
Ans- According
to Mandela there
are two obligations
: One’s obligations
to his family , to
his parents ,
to his wife
and children and
one’s obligations to
his people ,
his community and
his country .
2. What
did being free
mean to Mandela as
a boy , and
as a student
? How does
he contrast these
“ transitory freedoms
” with “ the basic and honourable
freedoms ” ?
Ans- As
a boy Mandela
thought that he
was born free.
He though that
he was free
in every way
he could know.
He was free
to run in
the field near his
mother’s hut ,
free to swim
in the stream
flowing through the
village , free
to roast maize
under the open
sky and free
to ride on
the broad back
of the slow
moving bull.
Again as a
student he wanted
to have freedom
to stay out
at night , to read
what he pleased
and to go where
he
chose .
Later Mandela discovered that
his boyhood freedom
was an illusion
and freedom during
his student life
was transitory .
He wanted the
freedom not to
be obstructed in
a lawful life .
He wanted freedom
which was basic
and honourable .
He wanted freedom
for achieving his
potential , of earning
his keep of
marrying and having
a family .
In fact he
wanted freedom for
all for living
a lawful life
unobstructed by and
body .
3. Does
Mandela think the
oppressor is free ?
Why / why not ?
Ans - No .
Mandela does not
think the oppressor
free . So
he says that
both the oppressed
and the oppressor
are to be
liberated . According
to him a
man who takes
away another’s freedom
is a prisoner
of hatred .
he had sold
his freedom to
hatred and prejudice
and narrow-mindedness .
The oppressed and
the oppressor alike
are robbed of
their humanity .
The oppressor do
not have a
broad mind to
treat fellow human beings
as equals .
The oppressed are
not allowed to
raise their heads
.
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